etc.) the cost per unit is set individually.

What does the rent consist of?

Housing and communal services structure:

Once you get your hands on it, you can understand exactly what resources are provided to you.

Video: what the rent consists of.

Utilities However, CMs do not always display everything on receipts. Often, only the total amount is indicated in the payment document.

In this case, you can seek clarification either in your own or in the Unified Settlement Center of your city.

Amount formation

The total amount of the receipt always consists of the product of consumption indicators and the existing tariff for this service.

The difference lies in how the amount of consumption for the reporting period is revealed.

If there are metering devices - according to the meter indicators, in case of their absence - according to the standards or on the basis of data from common house metering devices.

When calculating consumption rates, the following is taken into account:

How are utility bills calculated?

Additional components are taken into account:

The calculation of all these components is monthly presented in the payment receipt sent to the address of the payer.

Meters data

In metering devices you can pay:

• water;
• electricity;
• heat (meters for this utility product are only being introduced to the general public and are not yet available to everyone).

The main requirement for meters is preliminary verification and installation by licensed specialists.

Also, before installation, it is necessary to notify the management company so that they change the data in the information about the owner, and also properly record the presence of a meter in a separate apartment.

With such a calculation system, it does not matter at all what living area the owner of the apartment owns, how many people are registered or what complex devices are available.

Norms per person

There is a certain percentage of the total housing stock in which utility meters are not installed.

In such houses, when calculating the rent, specialized standards are applied.

With such an accrual system, it does not matter how much water or electricity is actually spent per month.

It is important how many people live in the apartment and the area of ​​\u200b\u200bliving space.

For example, when calculating water supply in an apartment where four people live:

If no one is registered?

After all, in case of their absence, you will have to pay for housing and communal services, based on the standards.

But even if no one lives in the apartment, the owner will still have to pay the costs of:

1. Home repairs.
2. Garbage removal.
3. Correct operation of the elevator and so on.

In a communal apartment

There are two options:

• in proportion to the area occupied;
• depending on the number of residents.

Having decided on the form of payment, the tenants must draw up an agreement in writing between the parties, in which everyone must put their signature.

Registration of a subsidy

This is a form of state support for those whose income does not match the cost of housing and communal services.

If a citizen or a Russian family is forced to pay from 15 to 22% of their total budget for utility bills every month, they can qualify for financial support from the state.

Housing and communal services - a set of various activities aimed at supplying resources at home, ensuring good technical condition, as well as solving other issues of comfortable living.

I. Housing and communal services: general issues

1. Terms of payment for housing and communal services

Payment for housing and communal services is made no later than the 10th day of the past month - unless otherwise provided.

Payment for the heat energy consumed by an apartment building in the absence of metering stations is made according to consumption standards within 12 months - unless otherwise provided by an agreement with a management company, an HOA or a resource supply organization.

2. Penalty for housing and communal services, suspension of supply

In case of late payment of housing and communal services by the consumer, the latter may be charged a penalty in the amount of one three hundredth of the Central Bank refinancing rate for each day of delay.

In case of debt or incomplete payment of utilities for a period of six months or more, the provision of one or more utilities may be suspended or limited upon written notice to the consumer.

3. The difference between housing and communal services

Housing services - activities for the operation of the house, increasing and maintaining the comfort of living and maintaining the facility in good condition. Paid by the meter, based on the area of ​​​​the apartment of each tenant.

Contrary to the opinion of some homeowners, housing services are not subject to tariff regulation. Their cost is approved by the owners of an apartment building at a general meeting. At the same time, the management company or the HOA may try to “protect” the tariff offered to residents.

In social housing, houses that have not chosen a form of management, as well as houses that have not approved their own tariff for the main housing service, this service is paid at the rates established by the municipal authorities.

Utilities include services that cannot be provided without the participation of monopoly enterprises - the provision of housing with natural and energy resources . They are subject to tariff regulation and are paid either per capita (according to consumption standards established by the authorities), or - according to the indications of established metering stations (that is, based on the volume of the consumed resource).

Responsible for the supply of utilities to the consumer Homeowners' associations and management companies. According to the current legislation, partnerships and management companies are utility service providers, since they service in-house engineering systems that are the common property of home owners. In case of non-provision or delivery of inadequate quality, the HOA or the Criminal Code produces.

At the same time, management companies and partnerships cannot make an extra charge on the purchased communal resources, since their delivery from the border of responsibility to the consumer’s apartment is already carried out during

4. Limits of responsibility between housing and communal enterprises

The dividing point for engineering belonging to an apartment building and a resource supplying enterprise is, as a rule, the wall of a municipal building.

II. Utilities (basic requirements)

1. Cold water supply (CWS) - cold water provided to the consumer cannot contain dangerous pathogens (cholera, desentery, hepatitis) and toxic chemical compounds (arsenic, salts of heavy metals, etc.). Within one month, a total 8-hour break in the supply of cold water is allowed (up to four hours at a time) or up to 24 hours in the event of an accident on the highway.

2. Sewerage (water disposal) - a resource supplying organization providing cold water supply must ensure round-the-clock reception of wastewater.

3. Hot water supply (DHW) - permissible interruptions in the supply of hot water are the same as for cold water. At the same time, the law provides for

Water with a temperature below + 40 degrees is paid as cold. At the same time, the maximum temperature of hot water cannot be higher than + 75 degrees.

4. Heat supply - the air temperature in residential premises should not be lower than + 18 degrees (entrances + 15 degrees), in corner rooms - + 20 degrees. A heating break of up to 24 hours per month is allowed.

The duration of one-time breaks in heat supply can be:

▪ no more than 16 hours at air temperature in living quarters from 12 degrees to standard;

▪ no more than 8 hours at a temperature of 10–12 degrees;

▪ no more than 4 hours at 8–10 degrees.

5. Gas supply. The permissible duration of a gas supply interruption can be four hours per month.

6. Power supply. The allowable interruption in the supply of this service can be 2 hours per month if there are two independent mutually redundant power supplies and 24 hours if there is one source. At the same time, during the supply of electrical energy to the house, voltage drops are not allowed.

III. Housing Services

4. Current repair - a housing service, during which repair work of a capital nature is not provided, but at the same time minor malfunctions are eliminated in the house. These works do not include the elimination of housing and communal services accidents and their consequences (unscheduled repairs) and work on (scheduled preventive maintenance).

The decision on the current repair of housing is also taken by the majority of the owners of the premises. The frequency of current repairs recommended by law in various types of houses is 3-5 years. Examples of current repairs that are closest to the residents are work on repairing entrances, installing metal doors, intercoms, and yard landscaping.

5. Other housing services. In some apartment buildings, residents are provided with a number of other housing services: internal repairs, cleaning of residential premises, security, food delivery. In most cases, in Russia, such a service develops in elite new buildings or, as foreign practice shows, this industry is able to develop with the greatest intensity in tenement houses (housing intended for rent), which practically do not exist in our country.

IV. Intra-industry conflict in housing and communal services between housing and communal services

With the development of the housing and communal services reform, there is an aggravation of relations between enterprises of the communal complex and the housing sector (HOA and management companies).

According to many experts, these two sectors should be separated into separate industries for the following reasons:

▪ Consumers of the main volumes of communal resources are not residents, but industrial enterprises, therefore, “communal” has much less relation to the housing sector.

▪ Within the current legal framework, in a number of multi-apartment buildings (operated by HOAs and management companies), there is no contact between utility consumers and energy suppliers, while housing organizations, on the contrary, are quite close to the owner of the housing.

▪ Unlike management companies and HOAs, utilities are monopolists that do not live by the laws of market competition, their activities are regulated by tariffs.

▪ As a rule, organizations that operate apartment buildings are rather small, compact enterprises, while many subdivisions of the utility complex are part of powerful oligarchic structures.

Sources:

1. Housing Code of the Russian Federation, art. 155.
2. Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of 23.05. 2006 No. 307 "On the procedure for the provision of public services to citizens", paragraph No. 80.
3. Pp. 31-35 Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 No. 491 “On approval of the rules for maintaining common property in an apartment building”.
4. GOST 2874-82 "Drinking water".
5. See Decree of the State Committee of the Russian Federation for Construction and Housing and Public Utilities
   dated September 27, 2003 No. 170 “On Approval of the Rules and Norms for the Technical Maintenance of the Housing Stock”, Appendix No. 8.
6. Ibid, Appendix 7.

Literature:

1. S. A. Atamanenko, S. L. Gorobets, T. I. Fedirko. "Handbook of the consumer of housing and communal services".
2. S. A. Atamanenko, S. L. Gorobets. “All about paying utility bills, or How to effectively manage your apartment.”

Read also:

Comments: 50

Hello,

I really wanted to know what “home maintenance” is.
on your housing bill? Thanks in advance for your reply!

Hello.
We have changed the board of the HOA. In the receipt: 1. Maintenance of housing - content.
room total use (from sq.m.) = 549 rubles, removal of solid waste (from sq. m.) = 45 rubles, content. and maintenance of the elevator (from sq.m) = 152 rubles. - this is despite the fact that I live on the 2nd floor, and the elevator works from a special key that we were not provided with .; MOS (from sq.m.) 53 rub.
- this, apparently, is light in places common. user (Further everything is clear).
I read in the ZhKodex, it says that the maintenance of housing already includes payment for maintenance.
elevator, solid waste removal. So why is it being duplicated again? What then is the content? room total uses (roof, basement?) And how are these places “maintained”? There are administrative premises and shops in the basement of the house, which means that their owners also have to pay for the maintenance of housing and for the elevator !!!, since the residents of the 2nd and 1st floors pay, what is the best basement?? Thank you.

• Take a look at the Certificate of Ownership first. There is a common house share and a share of adjoining houses. territory? No! Further we read Art. 38 p 2 LCD RF. The terms of the contract are void if the share is not spelled out in the certificate (this means you are not the owner of the share in the entrance and part of the land) Well, you have not entered into legal relations with the Criminal Code. Are you the owner of only your apartment or do you not know how to read what is written in the Certificate of your ownership? They will never do anything to you in your apartments, only for your separate money. Then what are the charges for? For the hallways!!! And they have a different owner! LSG (mayor's office), or your HOA if there is a legal entity. Understand and stop paying bribes. You can write to me, I will explain in more detail.

  • Your opinion is wrong, you misunderstood.
    I explain: if you are selling an apartment and the contract says that only square meters, but not a share in the common property, this condition is void. Usually, this is not written in the contract, since the share belongs to the owner by virtue of the law. You can register a share, you can not register. Neither the mayor's office, nor the Criminal Code, nor the HOA can own shares.

    • Hello Nika! Our government is brazenly robbing the PEOPLE. During the years of Lenin, people dreamed of the common good, the oppressed proletariat lived in poverty, the bourgeois, from their boundless greed, forgot that they were People. The great Lenin courageously took upon himself the obligation to rectify the current situation in the Empire. He was brilliant. He raised the masses to the Great struggle against the brute bourgeoisie! In our time, people are no longer the same, we have forgotten about the precepts of our Great All-Father. You and those like you are obliged to take responsibility and, having shouldered this heavy burden on your courageous shoulders, overthrow the government and build COMMUNISM =)

Hello Anna.

Yes, maintenance and garbage collection are indeed included in the structure of the tariff for the maintenance and repair of housing. Talk to your HOA about decoding the payment receipt. It is possible that the separate columns “Elevator” and “MSW” are just a way to make the composition of this tariff “transparent” for residents.

The lighting of common areas is a public service, but the maintenance of these places is already housing. All residents must pay for the maintenance of the elevator, regardless of the floor of the residence. The elevator is a common property. In the same way, the owners of apartments located on the ground floor must take care of the condition of the roof and pay for its maintenance and repair, and the residents of the upper floor must pay for the maintenance of the basement. These are the laws of life in an apartment building.

About how to maintain the roof, basement and other objects of common house property. you can read in this article:

In vain you are skeptical about this issue. If the Criminal Code or the Homeowners' Association had not somehow been engaged in the maintenance of an apartment building, our houses would have collapsed long ago. This must be clearly understood.

Concerning administrative premises and shops. If these premises are owned by citizens working there, then they must share with all owners the burden of maintaining common property. If they use the premises under a lease agreement, then the method of payment for housing and communal services depends on the specific terms of this agreement.

Hello!

For the third month in a row, residents in our building have been sent increased utility bills - twice as much as usual (!).

The increase, as written on the receipt, is heating, which, of course, is not available in summer. How is this possible and where can I turn to resolve this issue, tell me please?

District - Leninsky, house - Socialist 91.

• Hello Dmitry.

  It is necessary to start clarifying issues related to payments with the direct contractor of utility services. Depending on the method of management in your home, this is a management company or an HOA. If there is direct management in an apartment building, contracts with the resource supplier are concluded directly and he is the contractor.

  Residents have the right to demand from the contractor a detailed explanation of exactly how (by what formula, in accordance with what legal act) the amount of a particular service was calculated. It is best to send a request in writing and get the same answer.

  In accordance with the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 731 on Information Disclosure Standards, you must provide a response within 20 days. With this document in hand, it will be possible to think about what to do next.

Hello!
Where does it say that housing services are paid by the meter?
Where is the concept of "housing services" indicated? PP No. 354 contains the concepts of “communal resource” and “utility services”. The removal of solid waste from garbage sites does not apply to either of them. Thank you.

• PP No. 354 stipulates the rules for the provision of public services to citizens, therefore there is no concept of “housing services” in it.

  We are unlikely to find the exact wording of the definition of “housing services” (since they can be different in each house, up to armed guards). But at the same time, it is written “between the lines” in various legislative acts that housing services exist.

  For example, in accordance with paragraph 9 of Article 155 of the Housing Code, “The owners of residential buildings pay for services and works for their maintenance and repair, and also pay for utilities in accordance with agreements concluded with persons engaged in relevant activities.”

  The fact that housing services are paid by the meter is stated in paragraph 2 of Article 39 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation:

  “The share of mandatory expenses for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building, the burden of which is borne by the owner of premises in such a building, is determined by the share in the right of common ownership of common property in such a building by the specified owner.”

  To determine the share in the right of common ownership, it is necessary to read paragraph 1 of Article 37 of the Housing Code:

  “The share in the right of common ownership of common property in an apartment building of the owner of the premises in this building is proportional to the size of the total area of ​​the specified premises.”

  In addition, in accordance with paragraph 1 of Article 155 of the Housing Code, “the owner of a premises in an apartment building is obliged to bear the costs of maintaining the premises belonging to him, as well as to participate in the costs of maintaining common property in an apartment building in proportion to his share in the common ownership of this property by paying a fee for the maintenance and repair of the dwelling”.

  Thus, housing services are services related to the maintenance and repair of an apartment building, which, of course, includes the removal of garbage from the house.

  The fact that utilities are paid based on the volumes consumed or consumption standards (that is, per capita - in the absence of meters to determine the consumption), you must have already learned, since you refer to PP 354.

  A separate question is about garbage disposal. In accordance with clause 11 D of Decree No. 491, the collection and removal of solid and liquid household waste, including waste generated as a result of the activities of organizations and individual entrepreneurs using non-residential premises in an apartment building, are classified as maintenance of the common property of an apartment building.

  And finally, the last thing is payment for utilities that are spent not by the apartment, but by common areas (i.e., electricity and heat in the entrance, water poured out during washing the floors in the entrance, watering the local area, etc.).

  These services from 09/01/2012 are also paid based on the consumed volumes, i.e. the whole house pays depending on how much the resource has consumed. But at the same time, payments to owners are accrued in proportion to the area of ​​\u200b\u200bhousing in the total area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house.

  • Thanks for the detailed answer.
    If the garbage site is located on the territory that does not belong to the MKD, and it is used by all and sundry, including private traders, and the Criminal Code does not properly maintain this place, how can it be the common property of the house? Should the management company, with this kind of payment, clean up the garbage site? In our opinion, services for the removal of solid waste should be paid in such cases according to the tariff of a specialized organization that takes out this garbage and carries out (does not!) tidy up around. Is it possible to withdraw this service from the payment of the Criminal Code and conclude a separate agreement with the organization that takes out the garbage? How will the payment be collected in this case? What is needed for that?

    • The garbage site can either be the common property of the MKD or be located on the municipal territory.

      If you pay money to the UK for garbage collection, it, of course, must keep the garbage area clean.
      Garbage removal is part of the household chores. At the same time, the management company can both carry out independently voiced work and find contractors. But the management company still remains responsible for cleanliness to the owners.

      You can directly conclude an agreement with a contractor by discussing this issue at a general meeting of owners and changing the MKD management agreement with the management company. In this case, you will either have to look for a contractor yourself, or turn to the management company for advice.

      The cost of garbage collection is formed on a contractual basis (since this service is not monopoly). One must think that each of the organizations will ask for its own price for the service provided (as in a store).

      In the future, you will have to determine the tariff for garbage collection in the house yourself. Suppose a company agrees to take out your garbage every day for a thousand rubles a month. After that, you should divide a thousand rubles by the total living area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house (as well as offices, shops and other non-residential premises - if any).

      To calculate the garbage collection fee, the resulting tariff
      (per 1 sq. meter of real estate) should be further multiplied by the area of ​​the apartment of each property owner.

      PS When calculating the tariff, in addition to the garbage collection and site cleaning service itself, do not forget to discuss with the contractor the issue of renting garbage containers (this equipment, of course, will also be included in the tariff price).
      It is possible that he will ask for an additional fee for this.

Thanks a lot for the clarification.
But... it's absurd to pay like that. I live in the Krasnodar Territory and we pay not the Criminal Code, but directly to the organization that takes out the garbage 28 rubles per person. per month and plus 10 rubles. for the removal of bulky waste. And then the 80-year-old grandmother was left alone in the 4th room. apartment and has to pay about 200 rubles. For what? This is a rhetorical question, how, however, and “what to do”? Another question.
UK in its receipts does not decipher the tariff for maintenance and flow. repair. On the line “Maintenance and repair of residential premises” the name and amount of the relevant fee must be indicated. Is it possible to oblige the Criminal Code to separately pay for services and work on the management of MKD, maintenance and current repairs of common property in MKD on the basis of Order No. 454 of the Ministry of Regional Development of the Russian Federation, if it is advisory in nature?
Thank you.

• It is impossible to “force” to write down the payment for sodremzhil on the receipt, but to prescribe the types of work on the maintenance and repair of housing and their cost in the apartment building management agreement is in the interests of the owners. This provides the owner with a mechanism for controlling the activities of the management company:

  Also, any owner can make a request obliging the managing organization to decipher the tariff for housing services. In accordance with the Information Disclosure Standards (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 731), you must provide a response within 20 days.

hello, I looked at the tariffs for paying for utility services, it says that the tariff for water heating is 30.48., we have a meter in the receipt (heating hot water (sch) 93.57 social costs 3.17 rubles / m3 on the meter consumed 2 cubic meters how to check the calculation correctly true

• Hello, Natalia.

  Agree, your question “How to correctly check the calculation is correct” sounds very unintelligible. Please try to formulate your questions more precisely so that the respondents do not have to deal with “deciphering”.

  Most likely, you want to find out if the tariff for hot water supply is indicated on your receipt correctly. True, you did not say whether a common house heat energy meter is installed in your house. If yes, then the tariff for hot water supply is determined by calculation.

  The price of one cubic meter of hot water consists of the cost of cold water (heat carrier), which is used to prepare hot water, as well as the cost of heating 1 cubic meter. meters of coolant to the temperature of hot water.

  The calculation is made according to the formula:

  Tgvs \u003d Sn + Txv rub / cu. m,

  while Cn = 0.0596 * Te

  Explanation of formula variables:

  Cn - the cost of heating 1 cu. m (rub);

  0.0596 Gcal/cub. m - the amount of thermal energy for heating 1 cu. m of cold water;

  Tgvs - the cost of 1 cu. m of hot water (rub);

  Te – tariff for thermal energy (RUB/Gcal including VAT) – from September 1, 2012 it is 1149.08 RUB/Gcal for the supplier “LUKOIL-TTK”;

  Тхв - tariff for heat carrier (rubles/cubic meters including VAT); from September 1, 2012 it is 30.48 rubles per cubic meter.

  According to this formula, it turns out that the production of one cubic meter of hot water in your house costs 98.96 rubles. (if heat energy is supplied to you by LUKOIL). Two cubic meters, respectively, cost 197.92 rubles.

Hello!
help us understand the following situation. our house is served by the management company, but we pay utility bills directly to the RSO. There are no debts to the RSO for utilities, and there is a debt to the management company for more than 3 months . After all, there we are talking about debt precisely for utilities!

You have an operating management company, why pay a third-party company that has nothing to do with you now?

If the former company was subject to bankruptcy proceedings, then the bankruptcy trustee appointed by the Arbitration Court should have been involved in the collection of debts.

• when moving to a new company, we had a meeting with a new representative and he said that there were no documents from that company in our house. I’m wondering if we don’t pay, they (the liquidated company) can sue us and force us to pay for com. services and what rights do we have in this case, because they delayed the provision of receipts for 7 months. we live in Bataysk, the liquidated company TEMP

By whom is she "liquidated"? How can a non-existent legal entity send you receipts? And how can a non-existent legal entity sue? What caused the gap between the departure of the old company and the arrival of the new one? Who was in charge of the house at that time?

Sorry, Natalya, after your presentation of events, there are a lot of ambiguities and reticences. Maybe a representative of the residents of your house should contact legal advice and try to highlight the current situation as accurately, clearly and correctly as possible?

tell me, please, should we pay for electricity if the resource supplying organization did not provide us with receipts for payment for 4 months in a row, because. an agreement was not concluded between the power engineers and the management company, and now they want the residents to pay everything in one sum at once. Thank you.

• 1. The absence of a contract does not exempt from paying for utilities. Power engineers can send you their version of the contract, and you can not agree with the answer and send them your contract. If an agreement cannot be reached, a conclusive agreement will apply between you, i.e., by default:

  In this case, the regulator of relations is exclusively federal laws and regulations (Code of Civil Procedure, “Rules for the provision of public services to citizens”, etc.).

  2. You will most likely have to pay for the energy consumed within four months. Otherwise, you can be sued and probably lose. Although it is impossible to predict such an outcome one hundred percent, since during the current months you have not been charged utility bills (but by no means because an agreement has not been concluded).

  3. In turn, you can apply to the inspection authorities with a complaint about the incorrect calculation of payments. And a request to bring the guilty organization to administrative responsibility (both the Criminal Code and the resource worker may be the culprit).

Tell me, please, how can I oblige the gas service to make payments from two actually living people, and not from four registered ones. I provided them with an application with the signatures of the neighbors and the chairman of the Council of the house, a certificate from the Criminal Code on the actual residence. They ask to provide a document on the actual residence of two other tenants. But the fact is that I divorced my husband (owner) 10 years ago, he lives (but is not registered) at a different address and my daughter got married and also lives at a different address (rents housing not officially). What else should I give them? Thank you

• The simplest thing is to install a counter. After that, you can register at least twenty people in the apartment, and you will pay for the volumes actually consumed. In 2015, you will still be forced to introduce equipment.

  It is almost impossible to prove that the people assigned to you do not regularly live. Just as it is practically impossible to prove that a dozen officially unregistered guest workers permanently live in this or that apartment (maybe they often come to visit).

In our village of Turukhansk, the owner of the housing is the municipality, and the service was imputed to an organization that provides heat and electricity. That, in turn, under a contract agreement, transferred a certain share of the work to the Zhilservice company, they are engaged in pumping out septic tanks, repairing and eliminating accidents in the heating and water supply systems. In turn, Zhilservis refuses to eliminate accidents in the sewerage system (blockages in pipes). Tell me how to be how to get to eliminate these emergencies "businessmen" from the housing service? Thank you in advance?

• Apply with claim letters to the owner - that is, to the municipality, so that he influences his contractors and subcontractors. According to the Housing Code, it is the owner who is responsible for the upkeep of the property.

Hello. For the month of January, a receipt of a new sample arrived, in which there are no indications of hot and cold water meters, although the indications were transmitted in December when paying the receipt. The clearing center has changed on this receipt. The back contains information that it is necessary to appear with a receipt for 6 months to verify payments. Is it legal? And why should I waste my personal time on the fact that someone does not work correctly ... And another question: the apartment is registered for my mother, who lives in another city and she does not have the opportunity to come to verify receipts. All payments are made by me. Can I do it?

Good afternoon Yesterday in our house they decided to pressure test the heating system without prior notification. My apartment is being renovated and the heating radiator was removed the day before (the taps on the riser were previously closed). When pressure testing began, a fountain began to beat from my riser (from a blocked tap) (for a reason unknown to me). There was no one at home at that moment. The result - flooded 2 apartments. The plumbers of the housing department claim that I should have warned about the removal of the battery, the neighbors say that the housing department should warn about pressure testing. A preventive inspection of heating systems by the operating organization has never been carried out over the past years20. Advise how to be. And tell me, please, where it is written (if this is true) that I should warn the housing department about removing the battery with the taps on the riser closed. Thank you in advance for your response. -Elena-

• This situation is confusing with batteries.

  1. The fundamental question is where the riser dripped - in front of the locking device or after it. If the riser has flowed to the stopcock, the common property has flowed, for which the organization managing the house is responsible. If after the stopcock - your private property has flowed, for which you are responsible.

  We wrote more about it here:

  2. As for the warnings, humanly you should have informed each other about both the pressure test and the removal of the battery.

Hello, please tell us how to do it right, we service providers themselves collected for the utilities provided to residents, and now the mayor's office has organized a single settlement center and takes away the collection of payments from us, we should probably conclude an agreement while it has not yet been concluded. we are in no hurry to conclude how to force them to do this?

• In the current situation, it turns out that the mayor's office is robbing you.
  You should contact law enforcement agencies and, possibly, the department of the federal antimonopoly service. The activities of the settlement center are legal and legitimate subject to the consent of the service provider, as well as the homeowners themselves (they must give consent to the settlement center for the processing of personal data - in accordance with the federal law on personal data).

Hello, please tell me, should the management companies change broken windows in common areas or windows are changed at the expense of the owners.

• Due to the tariff for the maintenance of housing. Replacing glass in a broken window, and even in winter, is definitely an emergency repair of common property.

Thanks to public services, citizens can receive comfortable living conditions. Their list must be necessarily reflected in the contract between residents and housing and communal services, HOA or other body. But not every one of us has a copy of the contract at home, so the question arises: What is included in this list of services and what do you need to pay for? Now we will try to consider it in detail and find the answer.

What is rent

The rent is the amount that is paid monthly by the owner of the housing for utilities presented to him.

It is binding and cannot be disputed. And also it includes any repair work, maintenance of the building and so on. Now you need to figure out what the rent is paid for.

What is included in the rent in Russia, a list of housing and communal services

We obtain the necessary resources from organizations that have the appropriate licenses for this. The main list of housing and communal services consists of :

1. Cold water supply. The supplied water must be clean, free from microbes or any chemical impurities. It must be available around the clock. The maximum allowed break is up to 8 hours per month and no more than 24 hours in case of an accident.
2. Hot water supply. Not everyone gets this. This water, in addition to the above requirements, must have a temperature of 65 degrees Celsius to 75 degrees. Small deviations from the norm are allowed.
3. Sewerage. Housing must have a sewage disposal system.
4. Heating. In this case, the main factor is the air temperature in the apartment. It should be at least +18 degrees indoors and at least +15 at the entrance. During the heating season, it is allowed to turn off the heating for no more than 24 hours a month.
5. Gas supply. Not all houses are connected to domestic gas. But if housing is connected, then it is paid together with other utilities.
6. Electricity. Breaks in the supply of electricity are allowed for 2 hours for two sources and 24 hours for one.

List of municipal utilities and their characteristic features

These services do not apply to any individual apartments or private houses, but create comfortable conditions for the owners or owners of residential premises, and they are included in the rent.

Here is a list of these services:

• Repair, maintenance of housing. The main purpose of this function is to maintain the premises in good condition.
• Capital repairs.
• Waste removal.
• Other services. These include cleaning entrances, elevators, the area around the house, 24-hour security, secure parking, grocery delivery, and so on.

Important! These services are not mandatory, but if present, they must be paid at established rates.

Operational services in housing and communal services

These services include:

• Telephone and landline communications.
• Internet and television.
• Intercom.
• Security and more.

Note! Such services are paid only if they are available and used by residents.

Obligations of the management company and housing and communal services

All obligations listed in the contract must be fulfilled by the company so that the contract is not terminated, and penalties are applied to the HOA.

The main point of the contract, which must be implemented, is repair work.

They are required to provide two types:

• Current work;
• Capital repairs.

It may be that the house does not need repairs or the tenants want the demolition of a low-quality building. All these points must be reflected in the contract.

Organizational activities include:

• Control over the supply of all necessary services from authorized organizations.
• Acceptance of payments for services that are provided. Ensuring that payments are received on time.
• Ensuring safe conditions for the use of the house by residents, as well as during repair work.
• Handling complaints from residents.

Additional services

There are also additional paid services that are not included in the maintenance of the house. These may include: security, alarm, surveillance cameras. Some companies demand improper fees for various types of services:

1. Services not included in the contract.
2. Additional charges apply for services included in the contract.
3. Collection of obligatory donations for the activities of the organization.

How utility bills are calculated

This is not as difficult to do as it seems.

The calculation will depend on whether you deigned to install metering devices, for example, a water or gas meter.

The meter readings are taken and multiplied by the current, at the moment, tariff and that's it. If they are not there, the number of people living in the apartment is taken and multiplied by the consumption standard, and then the resulting value is multiplied by the tariff.

If there are counters

To make it clearer, let's look at an example. Let's say you have a separate water meter installed. Then the calculations are made as follows:

1. It is necessary to take readings of the device and determine how much water was used for this month.
2. Now you should find out the tariff for water. Let it be 29 rubles/m3.
3. The last step - the amount of water used is multiplied by the tariff, and the amount payable is obtained.

Norms per person

If the counter is not set:

1. Let's say there are 2 people in the family. You need to multiply two by the required standard, for example, it corresponds to 10 m3 per person, then 2 is multiplied by 10 and you get 20.
2. Now the resulting number (20) should be multiplied by the tariff, that is, 20 * 29 (tariff) \u003d 580 rubles.

By the same analogy, other utility bills are calculated.

No one is registered, what then

Perhaps this will disappoint someone, but you still need to pay, and you can get a fine for non-payment. If meters are not installed, the calculation will take place according to the norms for one person, and it does not matter if he lives in an apartment or not. In this case, counters can help. If they are installed and, according to their testimony, no one used the resources, then you do not need to pay, however, it should be borne in mind that meters are not installed for all types of services. Hence the conclusion: it is impossible to completely get rid of utility bills.

Important! If someone else lives in the apartment instead of the owner, utilities must still be paid.

In a communal apartment

In such an apartment, payment of utility bills is based on agreements between residents. However, it happens that they are not achieved, in which case payment is made in accordance with the Housing Code.

Sometimes homeowners agree to pay for services in proportion to the living space that is occupied by them or the number of people living on it.

It happens that homeowners install individual metering devices and the personal account for paying for services is divided.

Then payment will be based on an individual meter, as well as for the use of common property.

In order to avoid disputes, tenants conclude an agreement that determines the procedure for the use of common property.

There may be situations when tenants could not agree on payments, then:

• You need to pay for heating in proportion to the share in the total area of ​​​​the apartment;
• Water should be paid based on the number of people living in the apartment;
• Lighting is paid for based on the number of installed lighting fixtures and their power.

If people living in a communal apartment have serious disputes over the payment of utilities, they can be resolved through the courts. It is also worth contacting there when one of the residents refuses to pay utility bills on time, and organizations demand that all residents in this apartment pay off their debts.

Conclusion

Now you know what the rent consists of and why it needs to be paid, and we also figured out how utility bills are calculated. Using all the above tips and tricks, you should not have any problems with this. Learning how to calculate utility bills is very simple. You just need to take meter readings, calculate the amount of resource spent for a given month and multiply by the tariff.

Housing and communal services is a combination of different types of activities, the common goal of which is the resource supply of residential buildings, ensuring the functionality and serviceability of their technical components and resolving other issues related to comfortable living.

What services are provided and how are they regulated by law?

Utilities are those services that cannot be provided without the participation of monopoly organizations that provide housing with energy and natural resources .

At the same time, residents also pay for the energy spent in common areas (attics, basements, elevators, corridors, etc.).

At the same time, payment for the total energy consumed occurs in accordance with established standards .

According to the current laws, when supplying electricity to the end consumer, the permitted interruption cannot last more than two hours per month in the presence of two independent energy sources and no more than a day - in the presence of one source.

In addition, voltage drops during the supply of electricity are unacceptable.

Hot and cold water

Cold water supply services assume that the end user will receive cold water purified from pathogenic bacteria (hepatitis, dysentery, cholera).

Also, water should not contain harmful chemical compounds (salts of heavy metals, arsenic, etc.).

In the course of one month, a break in the supply of cold water is possible, not exceeding a total of 8 hours or 24 hours in the event of a major accident .

For the supply of hot water, the law provides for similar possible interruptions.

At the same time, the temperature of the water is also specified. If it is below +40 degrees , then payment for it should be charged as for cold water. The maximum water temperature should not exceed +75 degrees .

Water supply services are paid according to regionally established norms of water consumption per capita, that is, the number of residents registered in the apartment is taken into account, and the total amount of the resource used is displayed.

Each region is different, depending on the situation.

Heating

In accordance with the established norms, the temperature of the air space in a residential area can be at least +18 . An interval in the supply of heat up to 24 hours per month as a whole is considered acceptable.

One-time breaks in the supply of heat can last:

Payment for heating services is charged based on the total area of ​​the premises based on regional regulations. At the same time, the cost of heating the residential premises includes the payment for heating the common areas.

Garbage removal

Disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW), colloquially, garbage collection, also refers to housing and communal services and is provided as part of the repair work and maintenance of the dwelling.

In accordance with the law, payment for garbage collection is carried out based on the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe dwelling . This causes a lot of controversy.

According to the opinion of many consumers of the service, garbage collection should be paid based on the number of residents, that is, according to consumption standards like utilities.

Sewerage

In relation to a residential building, the sewerage service is a diversion of water flows . Sewerage is an integral part of the water supply system and is designed to remove waste and household water.

The proper condition of sewer systems largely determines the sanitary and epidemiological situation in a particular region.

Payment for sewerage services is made according to the established regional tariff. In this case, the total amount of used hot and cold water is taken as the volume of water disposal.

Payment for ODPU

The main drawback of the current order can be called payment according to the standards, and not for the volume actually received.

In this regard, measures are being taken to provide all residential premises with metering devices.

In accordance with Article 157 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, the amount of payment for the provided utilities is calculated on the basis of specific meter readings .

If this is not available, then the amount of payment is calculated based on the norms of resource consumption per person, and when paying for heat supply, based on the rate of heat consumption per square meter.

Law No. 261 “On Housing and Communal Services”, adopted in 2009, all residents of apartment buildings to install common house meters This contributes to a more accurate calculation of the amount of water, heat and electricity consumed.

The following calculation algorithm is used when paying under the ODPU:

• according to the readings of an individual meter, payment for utilities is charged in each individual apartment;
• a part of the amount spent on general house needs is added to the individual amount, which is calculated according to the indications of the ODPU.

Thus, when paying for the ODPU, payment is made for all the resources spent.

Is it possible to refuse certain types of services?

The ever-increasing tariffs for utilities have added urgency to the issue of the possibility of waiving some utilities. How realistic is this in principle?

You can refuse utilities by submitting an application to the management company (MC, Housing Office, LCD, etc.). Another thing is that it is impossible to refuse all services at once.

Some utilities cannot be excluded for purely technical reasons. For example, it will not be possible to refuse heating, since heat is supplied through a common system.

You can opt out of services such as:

Refusal of some types of utilities can be controversial. So each tenant is obliged to pay for the elevator and the garbage chute, since they belong to common areas .

But it's another matter if they are faulty. In this case, it is necessary to file either the management company, and if this does not help, then go to court with the presentation of photographs of the non-functioning elevator and garbage chute and other evidence.

You can even demand, which, in theory, were not provided.

In order to pay for utilities according to the amount consumed, and not on the basis of accepted standards, it is desirable to install an individual meter. This will allow you to control the process of resource consumption and not overpay for lost services.

In some cases, the process of abandoning utilities can be quite complicated, which is understandable, because no resource-providing organization is interested in losing customers.

But it must be borne in mind that in the matter of refusing unnecessary housing and communal services, the Law "On Protection of Consumer Rights" . And if there was a conflict with the managing organization, you can safely go to court, provided that your claims are substantiated.

Video: What does a receipt for housing and communal services consist of?

The video talks about what utilities are provided to citizens and what they have to pay for on a monthly basis.

The procedure for calculating certain types of utility bills is explained and advice is given on what to do in case of disagreement with the amount in the receipt for payment.

Not every citizen knows exactly what is included in the list of utilities. Let's figure out what amenities each person in the Russian Federation can count on in 2019.

Dear readers! The article talks about typical ways to solve legal issues, but each case is individual. If you want to know how to solve your problem , please contact the consultant:

APPLICATIONS AND CALLS ARE ACCEPTED 24/7 and 7 days a week .

It's fast and FREE !

And we will determine how users pay for resources supplied by management companies or homeowners associations.

Thanks to public services, citizens can count on comfortable living.

And the list of such services is spelled out in the agreement that was drawn up between the owners of apartments and housing and communal services, management companies or HOAs.

But not everyone has a sample contract on hand, and therefore the question often arises of what exactly the governing body should do and what should be paid for.

After all, often because of their ignorance of legal norms, citizens do not know about their rights, available benefits. As a result, they overpay.

General aspects

If you know what exactly we are paying for, you can argue the recalculations of utility bills, competently draw up plans for a private house during construction work , etc.

Housing and communal services provide services of 2 types - communal and housing. Both of them increase the comfort of living for people.

Such companies must guarantee the uninterrupted provision of amenities. Citizens, in turn, must pay them in a timely manner.

Basic concepts

Housing and communal services are services that are designed to provide citizens with basic benefits.

If your apartment is not connected to all such communication systems, you can express your wishes for improving conditions to authorized persons of the relevant authorities.

Yes, and government agencies can not refuse such requests. Mandatory objects in a residential area:

• shower, bath, sink, which has a serviceable faucet;
• a heating system that works without interruption (electrical appliances are not taken into account);
• European power supply and sockets;
• sewer system.

Who is a mandatory payer

The obligation to pay fees for the provision of utility services is spelled out in.

It is indicated when it occurs in a certain circle of people. Must pay:

Only registrants are charged. The legislation does not provide for accrual to persons that actually live in an apartment.

The exception is cases when consumers wish to pay for services on a voluntary basis. But in this case, it is desirable to conclude an appropriate agreement between such a person and the owner.

If there is no such device, then the amount is determined on the basis of the resource consumption standard per tenant (or per square meter).

It refers to the obligation of citizens to install common house metering devices (ODPU) in all apartment buildings.

So you can determine the exact volume of resource consumption in a particular apartment.

What else could be

Not every service provided by the management company is mandatory. There are optional, when a person can choose from 2 one at his discretion. These include the supply of hot water and gas.

You can also select both services. Additional services that citizens have the right to choose on their own include:

• cable TV;
• radio (if it is not used by residents, then they write a statement about disconnection);
• intercom.

But citizens cannot but pay for the elevator and the garbage chute, since they are located on the common house territory. Another thing is if they are faulty.

Then a lawsuit is filed or a lawsuit is submitted and appropriate evidence of the provision of poor-quality services is provided.

Emerging nuances

Consider how utilities are paid by tenants and legal entities.

When paying rent

When a property is rented out, an agreement is drawn up between the owner and the tenant. In such a document, it is worth prescribing who is responsible for paying utility bills.

If there is no such item in, then all bills for services will come in the name of the owner of the apartment.

Therefore, the payment clause in the contract will allow the landlord to protect himself from unscrupulous tenants.

There are 3 possible actions:

Landlords include the cost of housing and communal services in the amount of rent by the tenant	The latter will pay the owner, and he will already repay the accrued amounts for the consumption of resources. This method is trustworthy.
The tenant pays the bills on his own	And the owner transfers the amount only for accommodation in accordance with the drawn up contract. Plus - there will be no overpayment. How much a person spends (of the same water), he will pay for so much. And the landlord thus does not have to bother about paying utility bills. This option is convenient if a long rental period is expected.
Services are paid by the tenant, but this is not mentioned in the agreement	In this situation, the owner should monitor how such an obligation is fulfilled by the tenant